# New York A.1962-B: Francesco's Law (Safe Storage of Rifles, Shotguns, and Firearms)

[State law tracker](/state-laws/)

Governor Kathy Hochul signed Francesco's Law on October 21, 2026, rewriting New York's firearm safe-storage rules. Every gun owner must now store rifles, shotguns, and firearms locked in a safe storage depository or disabled with a gun locking device whenever the weapon is not in their immediate possession or control, not just when children or prohibited people live in the home. Guns left in vehicles must be unloaded, locked in a proper safe container, and kept out of sight; a glove compartment does not count. The law also creates a new class A misdemeanor when an unsecured gun is actually accessed by a minor under 18 or by someone legally barred from possessing weapons. The state office of gun violence prevention must now collect and publish annual data on injuries and deaths of minors from unsecured firearms.

  StateNew York
  TypeState law
  NumberA.1962-B
  DatedOctober 21, 2026
  Official source[Official text](https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/A1962)

## Listen

*Audio narration is being produced and will appear here soon.*

## Full text

The complete text of A.1962-B (New York), reproduced from the official source. Government edicts are in the public domain.

STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________

1962--B

2025-2026 Regular Sessions

IN ASSEMBLY

January 14, 2025
___________

Introduced by M. of A. ANDERSON, SEAWRIGHT, CUNNINGHAM, WEPRIN, CRUZ, DINOWITZ, EPSTEIN, SCHIAVONI, GONZALEZ-ROJAS, LAVINE, ROMERO, O'PHARROW, GLICK, GRIFFIN, BURDICK, ROSENTHAL, LASHER, SIMON, BURROUGHS, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, HEVESI, COLTON, SHIMSKY, ZACCARO, SOLAGES, JACKSON, WIEDER, ZINERMAN, TAPIA, TAYLOR, SIMONE, CHANDLER-WATERMAN, KASSAY, LUNSFORD, DAIS, STECK, SAYEGH, ROZIC, STERN, PAULIN, TORRES, ALVAREZ, RAMOS, GIBBS, P. CARROLL, BENEDETTO -- read once and referred to the Committee on Codes -- committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee -- again reported from said committee with amendments, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee

AN ACT to amend the penal law, in relation to enacting "Francesco's law"; to amend the executive law, in relation to annual reports by the New York state office of gun violence prevention; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions of the penal law relating to safely storing rifles, shotguns, and firearms

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEMBLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as "Francesco's law".

§ 2. Section 265.45 of the penal law, as amended by chapter 371 of the laws of 2022 and subdivision 2 as amended by section 3 of part F of chapter 55 of the laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:

§ 265.45 Failure to safely store rifles, shotguns, and firearms.

1. No person who owns or is custodian of a rifle, shotgun or firearm shall store or otherwise leave such rifle, shotgun or firearm out of such person's immediate possession or control without having first securely locked such rifle, shotgun or firearm in an appropriate safe storage depository or rendered it incapable of being fired by use of a gun locking device appropriate to that weapon.

2. No person shall store or otherwise leave a rifle, shotgun, or firearm out of such person's immediate possession or control inside a vehicle without first removing the ammunition from and securely locking such rifle, shotgun, or firearm in an appropriate safe storage depository out of sight from outside of the vehicle; provided, however, this subdivision shall not apply to a police officer as such term is defined in subdivision thirty-four of section 1.20 of the criminal procedure law, a qualified law enforcement officer authorized to carry concealed firearms pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 926B, or a person in the military service of the United States or the state of New York when such police officer, qualified law enforcement officer, or person in such military service is acting in the course of such person's official duty or employment and otherwise complying with any applicable standards or requirements pertaining to the storage of such rifle, shotgun, or firearm.

3. For purposes of this section "safe storage depository" shall mean a safe or other secure container which, when locked, is incapable of being opened without the key, keypad, combination or other unlocking mechanism and is capable of preventing an unauthorized person from obtaining access to and possession of the weapon contained therein and shall be fire, impact, and tamper resistant. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to affect, impair or supersede any special or local act relating to the safe storage of rifles, shotguns or firearms which impose additional requirements on the owner or custodian of such weapons. For the purposes of subdivision two of this section, a glove compartment or glove box shall not be considered an appropriate safe storage depository.

4. It shall not be a violation of this section: (a) if a person obtained the firearm, rifle, or shotgun as a result of unlawful entry by any person; or (b) a person obtains the firearm, rifle, or shotgun in a lawful act of self-defense or defense of another person.

Failure to safely store rifles, shotguns, and firearms is a violation.

§ 3. Section 265.46 of the penal law is REPEALED.

§ 4. The penal law is amended by adding a new section 265.51 to read as follows:

§ 265.51 Failure to safely store rifles, shotguns, and firearms when accessible by a minor or prohibited person.

1. For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "prohibited person" shall mean any person who is prohibited from possessing a rifle, shotgun or firearm under state or federal law; and (b) "minor" shall mean an individual under eighteen years of age.

2. A person is guilty of failure to safely store rifles, shotguns, and firearms accessible to a minor or a prohibited person when: (a) such person stores or otherwise leaves any rifle, shotgun or firearm in violation of section 265.45 of this article in any location where the owner or custodian of the rifle, shotgun, or firearm knows or has reason to know that a minor or a prohibited person is likely to gain access to such rifle, shotgun or firearm; and (b) a minor or a prohibited person gains access to such rifle, shotgun or firearm.

3. It shall not be a violation of this section: (a) if the minor or prohibited person obtained the firearm, rifle, or shotgun as a result of unlawful entry by any person; or (b) if the minor or prohibited person obtains the firearm, rifle, or shotgun in a lawful act of self-defense or defense of another person.

4. It shall not be a violation of this section to allow a person less than eighteen years of age access to: (a) a firearm, rifle or shotgun for lawful use as authorized under paragraph seven or seven-e of subdivision a of section 265.20 of this article; or (b) a rifle or shotgun for lawful use as authorized by article eleven of the environmental conservation law when such person less than eighteen years of age is the holder of a hunting license or permit and such rifle or shotgun is used in accordance with such law.

Failure to safely store rifles, shotguns, and firearms when accessible by a minor or prohibited person is a class A misdemeanor.

§ 5. Section 400.00 of the penal law is amended by adding a new subdivision 19-a to read as follows: 19-a. Any person in violation of section 265.45 or section 265.51 of this chapter shall receive safe storage materials developed by the office of gun violence prevention pursuant to section eight hundred thirty-seven-y of the executive law.

§ 6. Subdivision 3 of section 837-y of the executive law, as added by section 1 of part MM of chapter 55 of the laws of 2025, is amended to read as follows: 3. Annual report. The office shall issue an annual report including, but not limited to, information on the status of gun violence in the state, recommendations for policy and programmatic initiatives to prevent and reduce gun violence in the state, and a description of the efforts of the office to carry out the duties and objectives of the office under this section. Additionally, the office shall, in coordination with the division of criminal justice services, collect and analyze statistical and other information and data with respect to injuries or deaths of minors resulting from failure to safely store a firearm, rifle, or shotgun. Such information may include, but not be limited to, age, gender, racial and ethnic background of the minor or minors involved, as well as the type of injury or cause of death, to the extent such information is available. Such report shall be posted on the division's website no later than one year after the effective date of this section, and annually thereafter.

§ 7. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, sections two, three and four of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall have become a law; provided, further, that the amendments to subdivision 3 of section 837-y of the executive law made by section six of this act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as section 1 of part MM of chapter 55 of the laws of 2025, takes effect.

(Signed into law by Governor Kathy Hochul, October 21, 2026.)

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Browse the [full state law tracker](/state-laws/) or the [government reports library](/books/government-reports).

## Frequently asked questions

### What does New York A.1962-B: Francesco's Law (Safe Storage of Rifles, Shotguns, and Firearms) do?

Governor Kathy Hochul signed Francesco's Law on October 21, 2026, rewriting New York's firearm safe-storage rules. Every gun owner must now store rifles, shotguns, and firearms locked in a safe storage depository or disabled with a gun locking device whenever the weapon is not in their immediate possession or control, not just when children or prohibited people live in the home. Guns left in vehicles must be unloaded, locked in a proper safe container, and kept out of sight; a glove compartment does not count. The law also creates a new class A misdemeanor when an unsecured gun is actually accessed by a minor under 18 or by someone legally barred from possessing weapons. The state office of gun violence prevention must now collect and publish annual data on injuries and deaths of minors from unsecured firearms. The full text is reproduced below so you can read exactly what it says.

### When was Francesco's Law signed, and when does it take effect?

It was signed October 21, 2026 and takes effect immediately, except that the safe-storage rewrite (sections 2 through 4) takes effect on the 90th day after it became law.

### Where can I read the official text?

The official source is linked on this page (https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/A1962). The full text is also reproduced below for easy reading and searching.

### Is there an audio version?

Not yet. Audio narration is being produced and will appear on this page soon.

### Does the law apply when no children live in the home?

Yes. The rewritten section 265.45 applies to every gun owner: a rifle, shotgun, or firearm may not be left out of the owner's immediate possession or control unless it is locked in a safe storage depository or disabled with a gun locking device. The old version only applied to owners living with minors or prohibited people.

### What counts as a safe storage depository?

A safe or other secure container that, when locked, cannot be opened without the key, keypad, combination, or other unlocking mechanism, keeps unauthorized people from accessing the weapon, and is fire, impact, and tamper resistant. A glove compartment or glove box does not qualify for the vehicle-storage rule.

### What is the penalty if a child gets an unsecured gun?

The new section 265.51 makes it a class A misdemeanor to store a gun in violation of the safe-storage rule in a place where the owner knows or has reason to know a minor or prohibited person is likely to get it, when the minor or prohibited person actually gains access. Exceptions cover guns obtained through unlawful entry or lawful self-defense.