Volume
Milliliters, liters, US gallons, quarts, pints, US cups and US fluid ounces. The gallon here is the US liquid gallon (3.78541 L); the imperial gallon (4.54609 L) used in the UK is about 20 percent larger, so check which gallon your recipe or manual means.
Speed
Meters per second, kilometers per hour, miles per hour, feet per second and knots. One knot is one nautical mile per hour (1.852 km/h), the standard unit in aviation and shipping.
Data size
Bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes using decimal (SI) units: 1 KB = 1,000 bytes, 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes. Operating systems often display sizes in binary units (1 KiB = 1,024 bytes), which is why a drive sold as 1 TB shows about 931 GB in Windows.
Worked examples
2 US cups = 473.176 ml. 60 mph = 96.5606 km/h. 8 GB = 8,000,000,000 bytes.